Our customers appreciate us as experienced development partners who, at the end of the process, deliver a technically and. Each element consists of the three components illustrated below. Pdf zusammenfugen online pdf dateien zusammenfugen. We use the method introduced in epicyclic ratio calculation for determining the final gear ratio of an epicyclic gear train. Pdf dynamic analysis of epicyclic gear trains by means. Design, load analysis and optimization of compound epicyclic. Pdf the mechanical efficiency of epicyclic gear trains. Structure and analysis of planetary gear trains prof. The last is a reduction again, but the output direction is reversed. The book is profusely illustrated and analyzes many applications. The total mechanical loss is then given as the sum of losses from all gear meshes and bearings. Please start with the tutorial for shaft calculation to see how to introduce geometry and supports for single shafts.
Epicyclic train dynamometer which measures power while it is being transmitted from driving to the driven shaft. Theory of machines epicyclic gear trains bysheetal bansal air29ies2014. Epicyclic train dynamometer it consists of a simple. This torque measuring device is called dynamometers. Compound train an intermediate shaft carries two wheels connected in. This method is extremely procedural, which is appropriate since use of intuition is often quite futile when applied to complex gear trains. Epicyclic gear train nptel pdf merge this planetary gear train consists of a sun gear yellow, planet gears blue supported by the. The hand dynamometer is used to secure an index of general body strength, also to measure right hand vs.
The system must also accurately measure the output torque and angular velocity of the machine under test mut. Gear trains theory of machines engineering reference with. Publishers pdf, also known as version of record includes final page, issue and volume numbers. Modifications of the controller consisted of rewiring it to operate the lower voltage coils 30v dc each of the saj dynamometer, rather than the v initially supplied by the controller. Internal ringgear, three planets on spiderarm and the sun gear as semipictorial. We propose hereafter a unified model of epicyclic gear trains, based on a primitive parametric kernel, which contains all usual gear train formulations of any compound gear train. By combining epicyclic gear trains in series, gear trains can be created with many degrees of kinematic freedom and a single degree of freedom. The spur gear is keyed to the engine shaft and rotates in anticlockwise direction.
Design, modelling and analysis of a 3 stage epicyclic planetary reduction gear unit of a flight vehicle k akhila1 and m amarnath reddy2 corresponding author. A carrier connects the centers of the two gears and rotates to carry one gear, called the planet gear, around the other, called the sun gear. An epicyclic train is often suitable when a large torquespeed ratio is required in a compact envelope. Epicyclictrain dynamometer torque and power transmitted. Epicyclictrain dynamometer an epicyclictrain dynamometer consists of a simple epicyclic train of gears, i. Design and construction of a frictional brake absorption dynamometer using electrical strain gauges malik m.
Application of the element relations to a complete train is carried out as shown in the example which follows. A twostage planetary gear stage is defined using the program. The torque is produced by the useful load that the prime mover, motor. The tool investigated is from atlas copco st series and consists of three main parts. In power transmission dynamometers the power is transmitted to the load coupled to the engine after it is indicated on some scale. Powermeasuring dynamometers may be transmission dynamometers or absorption dynamometers. The following types of transmission dynamometers are important from the subject point of view. Also, locking any two of the three components together will lock up the whole device at a 1. Information and translations of epicyclic train in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Epicyclic gear train apparatus manufacturer supplier india.
Mullers discovery of their perfect analogy to the simple epicyclic drive trains. Development of an epicyclic gear transmission laboratory. Epicyclictrain dynamometer it consists of a simple epicyclic train of gears, i. Epicyclictrain dynamometertorque and power transmitted. The most general motion is a combination of translation. Gear trains theory of machines engineering reference. A straingage bridge circuit is designed with a compensating resistor to minimize any effect of. Epicyclic gearing overal gear ratio calculator fx solver. There would be numerous applications of planetary gearbox, but i will anser with the one which im sure about. Epicyclic gear train nptel pdf in the first three types of gear trains, the axes of the shafts over which the gears are mounted are. This method is extremely methodical, which is appropriate since use of intuition is quite futile with an epicyclic gear train such as the following example.
To achieve this goal, the hydraulic dynamometer must be a universal dynamometer. Planetary gears or epicyclic gears are typically classified as simple or compound planetary gears. A new method of design of epicyclic gear trains scientific. The method of the innovative synthesis of the epicyclic gear trains was presented. In his masters thesis for virginia polytechnic institute and state university, entitled epicyclic gear train solution techniques with application to tandem bicycling1, christopher corey has. At least, it appears so to me as i compare the model to a photo of the prototype page 49 of 19751976 burlington northern annual. A dynamometer or dyno for short, is a device for simultaneously measuring the torque and. Epicyclic train dynamometer which measures power while it is being transmitted from. Solid mechanics tutorial gear systems this work covers elements of the syllabus for the edexcel module 21722p hncd mechanical principles outcome 3. In this simple example of an epicyclic train, the only gear left to take an output. This type of dynamometer can be classified as follows.
Dieses kostenlose tool erlaubt es mehrere pdfs oder bilddateien miteinander zu einem pdfdokument zu verbinden. Following are the different types of gear trains, depending upon the arrangement of wheels. Specifically, this thesis will provide a simple solution technique for the general case of a twodegree of freedom 2dof planetary gear train along with new graphical design aids. Technique for examing epicyclic gear box krish gupta, ajay sharma amity university, aset, noida, india abstract this paper presents a method for analyzing epicyclic gearboxes by evaluating the speeds, torques and efficiency of the external elements in epicyclic gear mechanisms, as well as the total ratios of. Simple train three or more wheels connected in series.
The use of theproposed method is particularly amenable in conjuction with proceduresfor the computerized enumeration of geared kinematic chains. Dynamic analysis of epicyclic gear trains by means of. The first dynamometer car was probably one built in about 1838 by the father of computing charles babbage. The pinion is free to rotate on a pin fixed to the lever arm. It was shown that the immense virtual power is the cause of the low. It will also address the use of epicyclic gear trains as a power coupling in a tandem bike. Epicyclic gearing or planetary gearing is a gear system consisting of one or more outer gears, or planet gears, revolving about a central, or sun gear. A thorough understanding of the sometimes difficult material is facilitated through the use of both schematic and symbolic diagrams. On this channel you can get education and knowledge for general issues and topics. We present here a simple, methodical procedure for determining the final gear ratio of an epicyclic gear train. The paper illustrates the application of a systematic technique for thededuction of dynamic equations of epicyclic gear trains.
The power absorbed is usually dissipated as heat by some means. Note that a zero velocity input to the arm merely makes a conventional train out of the epicyclic train as shown in figure 932a. In the first three types of gear trains, the axes of the shafts over which the gears are mounted are fixed relative to each other. Compound train an intermediate shaft carries two wheels connected in series. When there is only 23 dec 2017 pdf presenting paper reveals the design.
When combined with other forms of strength measurement it allows a much more precise measurement of body strength. The pinion or the intermediate gear meshes with both the spur and annular gears. Technique for examing epicyclic gear box krish gupta, ajay sharma amity university, aset, noida, india abstract this paper presents a method for analyzing epicyclic gearboxes by evaluating the speeds, torques and efficiency of the external elements in epicyclic gear mechanisms, as well as the total ratios of the gear box. Working for the great western railway of great britain, he equipped a passenger carriage to be placed between an engine and train and record data on a continuously moving roll of paper. The outermost gear, the ring gear, meshes with each of the planet gears. N is the gears teeth number, the sign depends on the type of gear and. The model 78010 and model 78011 are an updated version of the smedley dynamometer. The planet gears are held to a cage or carrier that fixes the planets in orbit relative to each other. Usman awan, zahoor ali, nurtaj sultana, sajjad ali, ayesha maroof advisor.
Sep 02, 2017 examples of power absorption dynamometers are prony brake dynamometer, rope brake dynamometer, eddy current dynamometer, hydraulic dynamometer, etc. Design, load analysis and optimization of compound. Epicyclic train dynamometer torque and power transmitted. In some cases, such as the automotive differential, one input is provided the.
Epicyclic gear trains have been broadly applied in engineering practice. Epicyclic train dynamometer it consists of a simple epicyclic. O e of the prime and biggest use of a planetary gearbox is for running the armature of a wind turbine. Epicyclic gear train solution techniques with application. Thediscussed examples illustrate how the presented approach can be extendedfor computing the equivalent inertia. On completion of this short tutorial you should be able to do the following. The dynamometer absorbed 4 watts 6% out of 69 watts required to drive the rice dehusker. Simple planetary gears have one sun, one ring, one carrier, and one planet set. We show that the nested and the ravigneaux gear train derive from a unified model, which permits to obtain the formulation of ratio and efficiency. The planet and sun gears mesh so that their pitch circles roll without slip. The annular gear is also keyed to the driving shaft and rotates in clockwise direction. Design and construction of a frictional brake absorption.
Epicyclic gearing arrangements are comprised of four different elements thatproduce a wide range of speed ratios in a compact layout. Notice that the first gear ratio listed above is a reduction the output speed is slower than the input speed. A dynamometer is a device used for measuring the torque and brake power required to operate a driven machine. Walthers dynamometer car model railroader magazine. These drives receive an unusually clear treatment because at dr. In epicyclic gear trains, the axes of shafts on which the gears are mounted may move relative to a fixed axis.
Kinematic and dynamic simulation of epicyclic gear trains. Elec tric mo to r gt1 gt2 scre w driv er sh af t sw itc h mo t o r sha f t t em. The epicyclic gear train family in general has a central sun gear which meshes with and is surrounded by planet gears. The mechanical efficiency of epicyclic gear trains. He has a degree in mechanical engineering and before joining ge he had a research assignment at university college. A dyno that can measure torque and power delivered by the power train of a vehicle directly from the drive. It is a motorized unit consisting of a sun gear mounted on input shaft. Yi zhang with susan finger stephannie behrens table of contents. Not only the epicyclic gear trains in common uses were obtained, but some new types of epicyclic gear trains that are got difficultly by means of conventional combination method were gained. The second is an overdrive the output speed is faster than the input speed. Calculation of a planetary gear train this tutorial shows the usage of mesys shaft calculation with shaft systems. It is made up of a number of elements which are interconnected to form the train. A network theory for variable epicyclic gear trains technische.
Epicyclic gear train solution techniques with application to. Design, load analysis and optimization of compound epicyclic gear trains syed ibrahim dilawer1, md. Unified methods of analysis and synthesis of complex drives are employed throughout, suggesting that further simplifications may be possible through the use of a multivalued logic system which is. Not only the epicyclic gear trains in common uses were obtained, but some new types of epicyclic gear trains. Power absorption dynamometers measure and absorb the power output of the engine to which they are coupled.
Thus the conventional gear train is simply a special case of the more complex epicyclic train, in which its arm is held stationary. Epicyclictrain dynamometertorque and power transmitted 3835. Transmission efficiency between the epicyclic dynamometer and prony brake was found to be 92% while that from electric motor to prony brake was found to be 83%. More complex epicyclic trains may be analysed in a similar manner, but the technique is not of much assistance when the problem is one of gear train design the interested designer is referred to the bibliography. Ptd dynamometer system the ptd dynamometer system offers the proven reliability of power test dynamometers and accessories combined with a simplified version of our internationallyacclaimed powernet data acquisition and automated control package.
Usually, following two types of lubrication mechanisms are commonly used for gear lubrication. Power flow and efficiency analysis of epicyclic gear. Introduction measurement of brake horsepower is the most important measurements in the testing of an engine. The former utilize devices that measure torque, in terms of the elastic twist of the shaft or of a special torquemeter inserted between sections of the shaft. Modifications of the controller consisted of rewiring it to operate the lower voltage coils 30v dc each of the saj dynamometer, rather than the v initially supplied by. Application examples planetary gears framo morat usa. Design of machinery an introduction to the synthesis and. The power is transmitted from gear b to d through the intermediate gear c which revolves freely on a pin. It involves the determination of the torque and the angular speed of the engines output shaft. Apr 19, 2015 hi i require to design an epicyclic gear train which has two different inputs and one output at another gear. One of the most important considerations for an epicyclic gear is to assure uniform load distribution among the planets. Epicyclic gear train definition of epicyclic gear train by. The upper block has a long lever attached to it and carries a weight w at its outer end.
Epicyclic gear trains are generally used for automatic transmission, overdrives, and final drives. Velocity ratio of epicyclic gear train velocity ratio. Epicyclic gearing systems also incorporate the use of an outer ring gear or annulus, which meshes with the planet gears. Epicyclic gear train a small gear at the center called the sun, several medium sized gears called the planets and a large external gear called the ring gear. Epicyclictrain dynamometers questions and answers sanfoundry. Highlights the analytical expressions of the efficiency and branch powers of a compound epicyclic train with split power were derived. Dynamic analysis of epicyclic gear trains by means of computer algebra. Mech 314 dynamics of mechanisms april 16, 2011 planetary gear train velocities 1 planetary gears and pitch point gear velocities figure 1. The phenomenon of selflock was discovered in the investigated epicyclic train. The ptd system contains everything required to perform repeatable engine certification. Gear train is any combination of gear wheels by which motion is transmitted from one shaft to another shaft. New concepts, the splitpower ratio and the virtual splitpower ratio, were introduced for the first time. The saj eddycurrent type dynamometer, shown in figure 4 is rated at 30 kw and controlled by a modified digalog dynamometer controller. Zoltan levai received 9 february 1968 abstract both compound and internal or external planet gears are considered as well as the paired planet gears.
An epicyclic gear train consists of two gears mounted so that the center of one gear revolves around the center of the other. Design validation of high speed ratio epicyclic gear. Other articles where transmission dynamometer is discussed. The annular gear is also keyed to the driving shaft and rotates in.
This is made possible in a 3 or more planet arrangement. R is the angular speed of the arm, equal to the input angular speed. When local production of power measuring device was required, an epicyclic gear transmission laboratory dynamometer was designed, developed and tested with prony brake on a small capacity rice dehusking machine with source of power from an electric motor. It is stated that the simple planetary gear train consisting. Dynamometers can be broadly classified into two types. Image from blog of haja sherief image from hpi racing image from proquest image from sandia national labs image from piaget image from fortune, apr. A basic example is a singlestage gear unit withthree fixedplanets and a rotating carrier know as a star epicyclic gear.
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